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2 article(s) from Crawford, Deborah E

Solvent-free sonochemistry: Sonochemical organic synthesis in the absence of a liquid medium

Deborah E. Crawford

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1850–1856, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.179

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Graphical Abstract

Figure 1: Typical laboratory employed planetary ball mill and ultrasonic bath.

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Scheme 1: Reaction between o-vanillin and 1,2-phenylenediamine by ultrasonic irradiation for 60 minutes.

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Figure 2: o-Vanillin in its flake form and 1,2-phenylenediamine in its bead form.

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Figure 3: Clear separation of the reagents observed, with orange coated beads of 1,2-phenylenediamine residin...

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Figure 4: Chemical structures of the products obtained from the reaction between o-vanillin and 1,2-phenylene...

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Figure 5: Reaction mixture before and after ultrasonic irradiation for 60 minutes.

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Figure 6: ¹H NMR spectrum of diimine 1 in CDCl₃/EtOD.

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Scheme 2: Aldol reaction between ninhydrin and dimedone to form 2.

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Figure 7: ¹H NMR spectrum of 1,3-indandione 2 in DMSO-d₆.

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Full Research Paper

Published 04 Sep 2017

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Extrusion – back to the future: Using an established technique to reform automated chemical synthesis

Deborah E. Crawford

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 65–75, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.9

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Figure 1: Typical pilot scale single screw extruder (left) and a laboratory scale twin screw extruder (right)....

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Figure 2: PTFE screw employed in single screw extrusion, with increasing root diameter (RD) from 45 mm to 95 ...

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Figure 3: Modulated stainless steel intermeshing co-rotating screws employed typically in twin screw extrusio...

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Scheme 1: Polymerisation of styrene using s-BuLi as an initiator.

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Scheme 2: Telescoping process of the formation of polystyrene, followed by post polymerisation functionalisat...

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Scheme 3: Proposed mechanism for the branching of polylactide. Adapted from [23].

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Scheme 4: Chemical reaction between isocyanate and an alcohol to form polyurethane.

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Figure 4: Representative diagram explaining the process involved in step growth polymerisation, which involve...

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Scheme 5: Generic polycondensation reaction to produce polyamides.

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Figure 5: Comparison of choline chloride/D-fructose DES prepared via twin screw extrusion (left) and conventi...

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Scheme 6: Synthesis of HKUST-1, ZIF-8 and Al(fumarate)OH by twin screw extrusion. Adapted from [2].

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Figure 6: Synthesis of Ni(NCS)₂(PPh₃)₂ and [Ni(salen)] by twin screw extrusion. Adapted from [2].

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Review

Published 11 Jan 2017

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